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The Carlsberg Group (; ) is a Danish brewing company founded in 1847 by J. C. Jacobsen. The company's first headquarters were located in Copenhagen, Denmark. Since Jacobsen's death in 1887, the majority owner of the company has been the Carlsberg Foundation. The company's flagship brand is Carlsberg Beer (named after Jacobsen's son Carl) but it also brews Tuborg, Kronenbourg, Somersby cider, Russia's best selling beer Baltika, Belgian Grimbergen abbey beers and more than 500 local beers.〔(Carlsberg – Brands home )〕 After merging with the brewery assets of Norwegian conglomerate Orkla ASA in January 2001, Carlsberg became the fifth largest brewery group in the world. It is the leading beer seller in Russia with about 40 percent of the market share. In 2009 Carlsberg ranked fourth worldwide, and employed around 45,000 people.〔(Pubzone.com: Carlsberg Canada Chooses GJP )〕 ==History== Carlsberg was founded by J. C. Jacobsen, a philanthropist and avid art collector. With his fortune he amassed an impressive art collection which is now housed in the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek in central Copenhagen. The first brew was finished on 10 November 1847, and export of Carlsberg beer and glass began in 1868. Some of the company's original logos include an elephant (after which some of its lagers are named) and the swastika. Use of the latter was discontinued in the 1930s because of its association with political parties in neighboring Germany. Jacobsen set up the Carlsberg Laboratory in 1875, which worked on scientific problems related to brewing. It featured a Department of Chemistry and a Department of Physiology. The species of yeast used to make pale lager, ''Saccharomyces carlsbergensis'', was isolated at, and named after, the laboratory. The Carlsberg Laboratory also developed the concept of pH and made advances in protein chemistry. The laboratory was part of the Carlsberg Foundation until 1972, when it was renamed the Carlsberg Research Center and . The old brewery in Copenhagen is currently open for tours. Famous visitors have included Winston Churchill, Yuri Gagarin and Queen Elizabeth II. The first overseas licence for brewing was given to the Photos Photiades Breweries, and in 1966 Carlsberg glass and beer was brewed for the first time outside Denmark at the Photiades breweries in Cyprus. The first brewery to be built outside Denmark was in Blantyre, Malawi in 1968.〔http://www.carlsberggroup.com/Markets/ExLid/Pages/Cyprus.aspx〕〔(Carlsberg – The Carlsberg History )〕 Carlsberg acquired Tuborg breweries in 1970〔 and merged with Tetley in 1992. In 2008 Carlsberg Group, together with Heineken, bought Scottish & Newcastle, the largest brewer in the UK, for £7.8bn ($15.3bn). In November 2014, Carlsberg agreed to take over Greece’s third largest brewery, the Olympic Brewery, adding to its operations in the country already and effectively transforming the firm into the second biggest market player in Greece. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Carlsberg Group」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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